Semiconductor Physics And Devices: Basic Principles
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Publisher : McGraw-Hill; 4th edition (January 18, 2011)
Language : English
Hardcover : 784 pages
ISBN-10 : 0073529583
ISBN-13 : 978-0073529585
Item Weight : 2.95 pounds
Dimensions : 7.6 x 1.4 x 9.4 inches
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Semiconductor Physics And Devices: Basic Principles
Semiconductor physics and devices are at the heart of modern technology, powering everything from computers and smartphones to solar panels and LED lights. Understanding the basic principles of semiconductor physics is crucial for anyone working in the field of electronics and technology.
Semiconductors are materials that have properties of both conductors and insulators. They have a band gap that lies between the energy levels of their valence and conduction bands, allowing them to conduct electricity under certain conditions. This unique property makes semiconductors ideal for use in electronic devices.
The behavior of semiconductors is governed by principles such as electron-hole pairs, doping, and the pn junction. When an electron is excited to a higher energy level, it leaves behind a positively charged hole. This electron-hole pair can conduct electricity, allowing current to flow through the semiconductor.
Doping is the process of intentionally adding impurities to a semiconductor to change its electrical properties. By adding atoms with either excess or deficient electrons, the conductivity of the semiconductor can be altered. This process is crucial for creating p-n junctions, which are the building blocks of many electronic devices.
The pn junction is formed by joining a p-type semiconductor (with excess holes) and an n-type semiconductor (with excess electrons). This junction creates a depletion region where no free charge carriers can exist, creating a potential barrier that allows for the controlled flow of current. This principle is fundamental to the operation of diodes, transistors, and other semiconductor devices.
By understanding these basic principles of semiconductor physics, engineers and scientists can develop new technologies and improve existing ones. From improving the efficiency of solar cells to creating faster and more powerful computer chips, semiconductor physics plays a crucial role in shaping the future of technology.
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