Price: $28.00
(as of Nov 28,2024 05:05:43 UTC – Details)
ASIN : B08FXD9G9V
Publisher : Wiley; 1st edition (August 12, 2020)
Publication date : August 12, 2020
Language : English
File size : 49292 KB
Text-to-Speech : Enabled
Screen Reader : Supported
Enhanced typesetting : Enabled
X-Ray : Not Enabled
Word Wise : Not Enabled
Print length : 320 pages
Semiconductors Basics: A Qualitative, Non-Mathematical Explanation of How Semiconductors Work and How They are Used
Semiconductors are essential components in modern electronics, powering everything from smartphones to laptops to solar panels. But how do these tiny devices actually work, and what makes them so important in our daily lives?
At their core, semiconductors are materials that have properties in between those of conductors (like metals) and insulators (like glass). This unique property allows them to selectively conduct electricity under specific conditions, making them ideal for controlling the flow of electrons in electronic devices.
One key concept in understanding semiconductors is the concept of band gaps. In a semiconductor material, there are two energy bands – the valence band, where electrons are tightly bound to atoms, and the conduction band, where electrons are free to move and conduct electricity. The energy gap between these two bands is known as the band gap, and it determines the conductivity of the material.
When a semiconductor is doped with impurities, it can alter its conductivity. For example, adding a small amount of a donor impurity (like phosphorus) can create an excess of negatively charged electrons, making the material an N-type semiconductor. Conversely, adding an acceptor impurity (like boron) can create a deficiency of electrons, turning the material into a P-type semiconductor.
By combining N-type and P-type semiconductors, we can create diodes, transistors, and other electronic components that form the basis of modern electronics. Diodes allow current to flow in one direction only, while transistors can amplify or switch electronic signals. These devices are used in everything from computers to televisions to medical devices.
In conclusion, semiconductors are the building blocks of modern electronics, allowing us to control the flow of electrons and create complex electronic devices. By understanding the basic principles of semiconductors, we can appreciate the incredible technology that powers our everyday lives.
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